The rapid development of computer technology and microelectronics technology, and promote the progress of industrial motion control technology, such as closed loop AC servo drive system, the linear motor drive technology, programmable computer controller, motion control cards, many advanced motion control technology for the development and manufacture of industrial automation equipment, including laser welding equipment to provide efficient means!
Two relevant definitions:
2.1.1 The motion control card: motion control card is based on industrial PC for a variety of motion control applications (including the control unit of displacement, velocity, acceleration, etc.).
2.1.2 Laser welding: laser welding is the use of high-energy laser beam to the material melting and connect, the formation process of fine welded joints
2.1.3 Automatic machinery: without human intervention will be able to complete the processing cycle of the product, such machinery is referred to as automatic machinery
3 details:
3.1 Motion Control System Components
A standard motion control system as shown below:

  The motion control card is usually the professional motion control chip or high-speed DSP core, mostly as a motion control is used to control the stepper motor or servo motor. In general, the motion control card with PC bodies into the main control structure: the PC machine is responsible for the management and control systems, real-time monitoring of the human-machine interface (such as keyboard and mouse management, system status display, the trajectory planning, control, monitoring of the instruction to send an external signal, etc.); controller card to complete all the details of motion control (including the output of the pulse and direction signal processing, origin and limit of the automatic speed control signal detection, etc.).
 
  Motion control card with an open library for users to develop their own DOS or Windows platform, and construct the required control system. Thus this structure open motion control card can be widely used in various fields of automated manufacturing equipment.
Equipped with a powerful, content-rich motion control driver software tool. Efficiency in the implementation of the interpolation algorithm and motion functions using a more effective way to improve the interpolation accuracy, the interpolation speed and real-time. These software tools are divided into two major categories of the demonstration software and exercise library. Use of demonstration software that can quickly familiar with the control card, hardware and software functions, they can quickly and easily test the implementation of the performance characteristics of the motor and drive systems in the completion of a wide variety of sports. Motion library for secondary development, just use VC + + or Visual Basic user interface program to support preparation of the necessary DLL call development tools, and link it with the sports library, you can develop your own control system, for example, : numerical control systems, testing equipment, automatic production lines. The movement of the library to complete the motion control of the complex details (such as: lifting speed, linear interpolation, circular interpolation, etc.) so that it can greatly shorten the development cycle of the control system.
3.2 Laser Welding: Laser welding is one of the important aspects of laser material processing applications. Laser welding machine is mainly used in precision micro-welding of the workpiece processing. The emergence of high-power CO2 and high-power YAG laser, opening up a new field of laser welding, obtained to the effect of holes as the theoretical basis of deep penetration welding, jewelry, batteries, general mechanical and electrical, automobile and other industries has gained increasing applications.
  The role of the laser welding machine is relative motion between the beam and the workpiece, to fulfill this function, how to efficiently control the stepper and servo motors in accordance with the design requirements to complete a variety of precision displacement and speed control is the crux of the problem: Sports control card to solve this problem!
We design and use of control system consisting of the following: Industrial PC + motion control card + laser pulse control card (customized) + CNC software (custom), the laser welding machine CNC system, reaching the user\\ s requirements, the market reflects the very better. Have been sold the machine over a hundred units, the output value of more than 2000 million.
3.3 Automatic machinery: without human intervention will be able to complete the processing of the product cycle, this machine is called automatic machinery, according to the degree of automation can be divided into automatic machines and semi-automatic machinery, a complete modern automated laser welding machine, should have the following system:
a drive system: it is the power source of the automatic machinery, laser welding machine is servo motor and stepper motor drive can also be other types of motors, liquid (gas) pressure-driven
(b) Transmission system: its function is the power passed to the implementing agencies and subsidiary bodies
(c) implementing agencies: it is to achieve automation and auxiliary operating system
(d) detection devices: Its function is the location of the automaton, stroke, speed, power, and for testing and feedback to the control system
(e) Control system: its function is to control the automatic mechanical drive system, drive system and the implementing agencies, assigned to the exercise of the implementing agencies, to enable them to coordinate action to achieve the functions of automatic mechanical process, complete automated production.
3.4 The current applications and development trends
The superior performance of the motion control card to solve the technical problems of the troubled years of laser welding machines, laser welding machine broke through the bottleneck in terms of motion control, laser processing equipment manufacturing industry has achieved a great deal of influence, and this structure open motion control The cards are also widely used in all areas of manufacturing automation equipment. This mode of motion control is more popular in foreign automation equipment control systems, motion control card also formed an independent and specialized industry, domestic products have also emerged, such as high solid company in Shenzhen, the GT400 series cards have been successfully applied CNC table, laser welding machines and other automation equipment.
(4) Conclusion:
High-tech to the traditional industries of the information age, cause profound changes in the latter. As one of the traditional industries of mechanical industry, this new technology leather Murdoch is not ecstasy life impact, the structure of products and production systems have undergone a qualitative jump: superior performance motion control card to solve the troubled years of the automatic machinery technical problems, broke through the bottleneck of automatic machinery in motion control, with the development of computer technology, power electronics technology and sensor technology, the advanced countries CNC automatic machinery product after another, and believe it will be in production, all spheres of life has been widely application!

The life of mold depends on the ability of anti-wear and resistance to mechanical damage, excessive wear or mechanical damage, shall be subject to repair in order to restore to use. Repair techniques currently available to plating, arc or flame surfacing, thermal spraying (flame, plasma) and so on. Plating layer is generally thin, no more than 0.3mm, but also of substrate, the shape of the damaged parts are difficult to repair, hardfacing, thermal spray, or spray, heat injected energy is not concentrated mold heat-affected zone, easy distortion even cracking, spray coating dilution rate, reducing the matrix and the properties of the materials. The use of laser cladding can repair the mold. High-power laser beam at a constant power P and heat the powder flow at the same time the incident to the mold surface, part of the incident light is reflected, some light is absorbed, the transient absorption of the energy exceeds a critical value, the metal melting bath, and then rapid solidification form a metallurgical bonding of the coating, shown in Figure 1. Α is the cladding layer width, h is the cladding thickness, hm melting depth, α is the contact angle. CAD applications developed for a given route, the laser beam, back and forth scanning line by line to repair the mold layer by layer. Smaller approximate adiabatic rapid heating due to high energy density of the laser beam generated by the thermal effects of the matrix, caused by the distortion can be ignored, especially after the repair after the mold is almost without reprocessing. A laser repair system laser repair technology is a set of high-power laser, computer, numerical control machine tools, CAD / CAM, advanced materials, CNC technology, multi-disciplinary technology. The repair system is mainly composed of hardware devices and manufacturing processes software. Hardware devices, including lasers, numerical control systems and workstations, powder feeding device, optical system, cooling device to protect the gas system and line control involved in data acquisition devices. The software system includes the manufacture of parts forming software shake communication and on-line control software. Laser repair process shown in Figure 2. CO2 lasers emit laser reflector CNC machine Z-axis (vertical table), enter the three-dimensional beam forming focus combination mirror, re-entering the coaxial powder feeding head, the combination of mirrors and the head fixed in the machine tool Z axis. unified by the CNC system control. Carrying gas powder feeder powder delivered to the sub-powder feeder coaxial powder feeding head. Mold in the CNC workbench on the XY plane, CNC instruction table, the combination of mirror and powder feeding head according to a given CAD program movement. While adding laser and powder layer deposited. Temperature measurement and control system, the role of the mold to restore the original size. Uniform distribution in order to ensure the cladding material (metal powder) and matrix (mold) materials to achieve metallurgical bonding, as well as mold dimensional accuracy, surface finish and material properties, the the φ50mm circular multimode 1kW-5kW high power laser beam transforms into a strength a circular beam spot size adjustable (optical system), and with a cooling system and the beam head gas protection system, while important consideration coaxial powder feeding device and on-site control system design. 1.1 coaxial powder feeding device is stable and reliable powder delivery system is an important guarantee of the quality of repair of metal parts. The powder delivery fluctuations will affect the quality of the repair. Laser repair the basic requirements of the powder feeding is continuous, stable, uniform and controllable powder into the laser molten pool. The powder feeding device by the powder feeder and coaxial powder feeding nozzle components, shown in Figure 3. To balance the pressure in the lower part of the powder feeder powder bucket to the formation of gas-solid fluidization, conveying powder, with the carrier gas from the conduit opening. The powder feed rate by the transmission of gas pressure regulation, broaden the range of powder feeding from the uniform 5g/min-150g/min continuously adjustable feed powder and the powder feeding accuracy up to ± 5. Coaxial powder nozzle design of the carrier gas, to eliminate the 4-way gas pressure fluctuations caused by the send powder uneven, and the working distance increased, and continuously adjustable. 1.2 mold repair process control, in theory, the decision of the bath temperature field of the macroscopic and microscopic quality of the repair process in the process of laser cladding layer of quality control, characterization of cladding layer of the bath temperature field of real-time detection is very important. Shown in Figure 4, the infrared temperature measurement technology to detect the temperature field of the laser processing area, combined with the results of calibration of the temperature field to derive the actual temperature information to control the velocity of the laser power output and CNC machine tools, in order to maintain the bath temperature stability, and avoid the parts due to overheating or temperature uneven crack porosity and other defects. Shown in Figure 4, dotted line within a colorimetric thermometer optical system to use a single camera, single-channel image recording switch between different filter. Filter and its control to ensure that the two filters (804.5nm and 894.6nm) alternately placed the digital camera image records the light path, the mobile response time <10ms, high-precision computer-controlled stepper motor to achieve accurate positioning. Software consists of three parts: ① control filters into the record the optical path mechanical control section; ② The real-time synchronization of image acquisition, processing, and temperature field calibration and calculation; (3) measuring the temperature change obtained by the process parameters to adjust the laser power and machine movement speed. Laser repair of 1.3 Laser repair mold process parameters along with heat transfer, radiation curing, the molecules take the physical and chemical changes of the phase and crystallization, is a multi-parameter process. The laser power P, scanning speed, powder feed rate, bath temperature, and so will its impact. Parameters must be reasonably combined to ensure that the repair work is carried out in the case of coating characteristics knowable. Laser cladding process, a special process to control the heat input of the substrate, the cladding layer and the substrate and the degree of integration is not ideal, or the deposited layer and the substrate surface and the melting of the melt layer transition zone cracks. Therefore, a reasonable selection of process parameters is a key factor for the laser cladding technology for mold repair. According to the principle of physical metallurgy, the deposited material and substrate material must be heated to a high enough temperature to meet the metallurgical reactions unprincipled conditions, and ultimately the formation of the deposited layer of geometry rules, shown in Figure 1, based on experience, as far as possible to make deposited material is heated to lower temperatures, this can reduce the deposition cracks, distortion tendency, it can also avoid the deposited material burning and evaporation, the need to control the melting point of the molten material (whichever is the matrix powder material between the two highest melting point) tm + (50-100) ℃. Reference temperature field meter Pang, in theory, the P value for 1KW-2KW, for 2mm/s-4mm/s can meet the above requirements, As cladding layer surface roughness, by adjusting the powder feed rate to achieve its minimized. The two test methods experiment with cross-flow continuous wave 5kW-of CO2 lasers, beam mode for multi-mode spot diameter is 4mm, the matrix material (mold) 5CrMnMo steel, specimen size 80mm × 60mm × 1Omm due to the mobility of Ni alloy powder good combining with the substrate surface clean, affordable, so the choice of Ni60 of nickel-based alloy powder material, its chemical composition shown in Table 1. Test the selected laser power P is 1.5kW, the impact of the different range of cladding layer cross-section dimensions are shown in Table 2. When P is 1.5kW, 3.2mm / s, 310 mg / s, multi-layer cladding of Ni60 alloy powder laser shown in Figure 5. 3 results analysis 3.1 of process parameters on the performance of mold repair can be seen from Figure 5 cladding, the full interaction of laser and powder materials, dilution rate is moderate, between the layers in the cladding layer tissue layer The organization is slightly different, even small dense layer, layer organization coarse. Therefore, laser repair can be obtained in a fairly wide range of homogeneous, small compact and high performance repair layer. Measurement Figure 5 1 to 3 layers of hardness change 85HV0.2. The results showed that the powder in the interaction with the laser, the laser power P> 5kW and the scanning speed is <1mm / s, substrate heating temperature is too high to be burning, and surface quality problems such as wrinkles and pores. Study reason cladding process bath mixing intensified matrix elements and the metal powder elements interdiffusion serious, the cladding layer cracking, deformation sensitivity was significantly increased. When the laser power P = 1kW ~ 2kW, scanning speed = 2mm / s to 4mm / s range can be compared with the ideal laser cladding layer. In addition, if the heating temperature is too low to fully melt, and difficult to repair the mold. Scanning speed is too large, the cladding layer is not continuous phenomenon, the bond strength is not enough. Dilution rate with the scan rate increases, a decreasing trend, while the increase of powder feed rate, dilution rate there is an increasing trend. 3.2 of process parameters on the mold repair of macro-morphology test, P and little change in the macroscopic surface morphology of laser cladding with powder feed rate is closely related to the other conditions the same circumstances, with the increase of melting cladding width changes (smaller), and the cladding layer thickness increased significantly increase the contact angle, as shown in Table 2. Can use this regulation to improve the cladding layer surface roughness. 4 Conclusion In the process of laser repair mold, through theoretical calculations and binding assays, in the process parameters P = 1.5kW, gs1 = 3.2mm / s, and = 310 mg / s, the cladding layer thickness of 1mm ~ 2mm, you can get a better surface quality. To prevent cracks, the mold preheat treatment of 200 ° C × 2h. In the repair process can use parts of the hydrogen side-blown protection of laser cladding. Actually used for mold repair need the help of laser repair system control section, and constantly adjust the powder feed rate, to overcome the uneven cladding layer surface.

From the current point of view, the lighting industry and decoration industry tied up tight, the country s more famous big

lighting production and marketing enterprises are China Building Decoration Association, Residential Decoration Association

member companies.

Governing unit or chairman unit of the lighting industry in Guangzhou, Foshan, Zhongshan, Huizhou, Shanghai, Hong Kong

production, design, sales were relatively well-developed formation of the China Building Decoration Association, residential

Decoration Industry Alliance. Decoration industry in China last year, output reached 2 trillion yuan, lighting accounts for

10% -20%, the market is still very large as the terminal decoration of a whole industry chain installed

Repair industry, we feel that the green lighting market is vast, and a bright future. "Home Decoration Committee Secretary-

General of the China Building Decoration Association, Ren-green lighting their own views.

LED lighting products have great advantages in environmental protection, energy saving, light, color, safety and health, if

an enterprise has always been committed to the promotion of new products, new processes, new materials, new technologies,

Continue to provide consumers with the health, environmental protection, green, low carbon, fashion and the most beautiful

home life, then the LED can also become very fashionable. Previously, people filed decoration industry, think of

The construction team took a sledgehammer scene, the concept already has new content, decoration is not only an art, but also

closely related to science, fashion and trends. Zhang Ren said

Illumination source is just a functional product in the past, has now evolved into art, fashion products, LED lights, a large

number of them in the modern home improvement widespread use of green lighting the development of the more

Faster.

In this trend, if the business and real estate developers or decoration company build industry alliances, production, supply

channels, will usher in the huge business opportunities. "Modern home improvement emphasis is on art

, Like clothing, to consider the popular fashion elements, taking into account also the health, environmental protection,

low-carbon, in line with the requirements of the nation-building resources-saving and environment-friendly society. Green

Lighting

Semiconductor lighting, both low-carbon environmental protection, saving energy, as long as the publicity in place together

with designers to promote full, the construction unit of a large number of owners will be willing to accept, the market will

be very broad

. Not just home improvement lighting to beautify the green LED lights, city lighting engineering, municipal lighting, hotel,

hotels, home improvement, lighting is also true. Only given the green lighting vitality to meet

The aesthetic requirements of the public, LED lighting industry to develop better.

With the improvement of material living standards, people enjoy the spirit level, more and more attention, for the decoration

is very particular about the use of light decoration is essential, light and color

The successful application of the finishing touch for the entire project. LED lighting products do you want to fashion and

lamp combination, to achieve energy saving and environmental protection at the same time rich in the elements of beauty, LED

lighting products from

An ordinary commodity into a work of art.

Laser surface treatment technology is a fusion of modern physics, chemistry, computers, materials science, advanced manufacturing technology, multi-disciplinary high-tech.

Laser surface treatment technology is the integration of multi-disciplinary high-tech modern physics, chemistry, computers, materials science, advanced manufacturing technology, including laser surface modification technology, laser surface repair technology, laser cladding, laser products enable low-grade material for high-performance surface modified to reach the parts cost to the work surface the best combination of high-performance, the possibility to solve the overall strengthening and other surface hardening means insurmountable contradictions, an important component match the choice of materials and performance, design, manufacturing to produce important beneficial effects, and may even lead to some fundamental changes in design and manufacturing processes.

I. Technical highlights

A laser quenched layer hardness HV800 ~ 1100, with excellent wear resistance and strain capacity, a repair mode, life flame hardening to increase 5 to 50 times.

2 laser quenching hardness of the layer deep uniform, and the substrate has a strong binding force.

Laser quenched minimal deformation and do not make any correction and processing.

Laser welding technology to repair the injury site of the local strain of the mold surface, the repair is better than other welding methods.

(5) has a high processing speed, usually up to 0.5m2 / h.

Only targeted treatment of mold wear parts, without having dealt with all the mold surface.

Significantly improve the drawing surface quality.

Second practical application

Currently available in volume more than a dozen auto companies, car drawing mode laser enhanced treatment services, have achieved very significant results. For example, in laser surface treatment on the Foton Auman heavy truck bumper drawing mode, the ribs surface hardness of HRC55 ~ 58, the surface of life expectancy from 20 to 30 upgrade from the original flame hardening to 2000 or more. In addition, BMW s new five Department of side wall outer panel, door panels and the blank holder, the back door of the top mold using a lower initial surface hardness after laser treatment, hardness around HRC20 to HRC55 above. BMW also has been normal for more than a year, drawing a good surface quality.

Economic analysis, value and market prospects

Economy and value of the car drawing die laser surface hardening is mainly reflected in the following areas:

(1) significantly improve the repair mode once, drawing number, reduce the time of the repair mode to improve the tensile efficiency and productivity.

Significantly improve die life, reduce the consumption of mold.

(3) significantly improve the drawing surface quality.

4 significantly reduce the labor intensity of repair mold and mold repair costs

More and more topics at the lighting industry, five years after the LED lamps to replace incandescent topic again and again as a central topic in people\\ s lives. LED lights by not only long life, low energy consumption, small size, fast response, seismic resistance to low temperature, pollution and many other advantages, its use is extremely broad.
The pace of development of the LED lamp is extremely alarming, since the 1960s, the birth date, technical progress always exceed the expectations of the market. LED is undoubtedly a development is extremely powerful sunrise industry, the rapid growth of new enterprises, but the LED lamp market is saturated.

Chinese LED industry started in the 1980s, has gone through the import chip package → Import wafer package – home-made materials and devices in three stages. Into the 21st century, environmental protection and energy saving has become a hot market, the LED industry continues to heat up.

LED lights become a popular topic, and applications for all households. In addition to long life, low energy consumption but also a lot of advantages:

1, no longer limited to the unity of tone, colorful lights appeared in the place;

2, the application is very flexible, according to the volume size, the use of the home, office occasions, and entertainment;

3, followed by the trend of the times, green. Less pollution natural, low-E;

4, user-friendly design. According to the loudness of sound control, to control the weather changes.

    A wide range of LED applications

The LED can be used not only large advertising display can also be used for construction and transportation lighting. LED as a key urban architectural landscape lighting, can flourish and be able to simulate the wear and tear and maintenance costs of any color, luminous flux is also greatly reduced in the outline contour. Due to small size, LED suitable for making into lines of lamps, LED lights made to the direction of the trails and lanes, safe, reliable, durable. In the past, in the night sky of the city, perhaps the most enchanting on a number of neon, However, because the neon is the most easily damaged, we often see, neon display images and text are always missing arms out legs. But using LEDs to replace neon as a display sign, no longer appears incomplete regret, and can be achieved with the desire realm.

The individual elements of the reaction rate of the organic LED display is 1000 times, the LCD screen in bright light, we can take care of error, and adapt to a low temperature of minus 40 degrees. It is reported that the foreign company is developing a head stolen viewfinder fingernail size high-resolution organic LED display placed, wear this translucent helmet-mounted display, the pilot can easily view a variety of flight data ; ongoing surgeon eye without leaving the operating table, you can see a complex diagnostic images; flight mechanic in the maintenance of aircraft, the eyes of actions you can see the maintenance manual of the corresponding parts. More s heart is wearing glasses, made by the organic LED display can also be happy watching movies, viewing angle can reach 160 degrees.

Since April 2011, Chinese construction machinery industry downturn of the market situation, industry insight and actively explore new ways out of the market trough.
    Sponsored by the leasing branch in late June, \"2012 International Construction Machinery finance leases Summit\", and strive to come up with a high-quality research reports to industry reports. In addition, loaders, cranes, road rollers and other products of the finance lease customers living conditions of the investigation report will also be launched.
    Construction Machinery Leasing Branch of China Construction Machinery Industry Association authoritative organizations as the national construction machinery end customers from the beginning of November 2011, for the first time to start the excavator finance lease customers living conditions survey engineering, survey covering 15 provinces, autonomous regions and and municipalities. Survey distribution of 65% of the total sales of the region excavator market holdings.
The living conditions of the investigation of the excavator end customers
    The excavator has some representation in the construction machinery industry, and about 90% of the excavator sales in the current credit sales. This objective market environment, the living conditions of the excavator end customers, they face what the outstanding problems, which are common problems, how to effectively resolve such problems, related to the healthy development of the whole industry chain, the whole an important issue facing the industry. Therefore, this research work to explore how out of the woods of great benefit to the industry as a whole.
    It is reported that the rental branch of the finance lease customers the survival status of research activities have been completed the research work of the 10 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. More than 300 face-to-face visits to customers to recover the survey questionnaire of more than 300. According to Liu Chunlong, Leasing Branch Management Officer, said, the research work of the five provinces, including Fujian, Sichuan, Jiangsu, is effective to promote the rental branch will organize professionals to complete research report written in late May.

 Reporter survey found, Zhengzhou suffered blood shortage, the hospital three days delay hundreds of surgeries, many hospitals to postpone surgery due to ischemic

Province Blood Center, said the recent ease the blood supply to the tension difficult, given their love for life-saving and other blood, positive blood donors

What is the fate, at the moment, the fate of the flow of blood of our bodies.

At present, Henan suffered severe blood shortage, the hospital three days postponement of 100 operations. The patient s family are mobilizing to donate blood, blood supply to the limited circumstances

Donors priority surgery.

The esophagus of a patient has been plugged, tied the catheter suddenly due to ischemia, the esophagus and the catheter was pulled out.
 
Event

Ischemia can not surgery, into the body of the esophagus is pulled out to

Last Wednesday, the left lung tumor, Li Zhou (a pseudonym) in vain was the second crime, his body inserted a good esophageal catheter is pulled out.

Him at a provincial hospital in Zhengzhou City hospital. Originally, the hospital arranged for his surgery. "The nurses have to help the esophageal plug, bar

Catheter. Zhou Li s family said the family had to do surgery to prepare.

Suddenly, a nurse walked in, and tell them Type A blood. Because the risk of tumor volume, without an adequate blood supply did not dare surgery

, The doctor turn esophagus and the catheter is pulled out.

"It soon became the joke of the ward." Mentioned this incident to children, Li Zhou is some frustration.

Hospitalized with second runner-up (a pseudonym) is also waiting for blood, he was esophageal late. The doctor advised him to hospital immediately, the sooner the better surgery. 9

January 15, he and his wife waiting for surgery. Afternoon, the doctor informed that tomorrow s surgery was canceled. His surgery requires a lot of blood type O,

The lack of blood type O blood banks.

The surgery can only be postponed, dragged on for four days. 4 days, they spend more than 8000 yuan.

Cure his father s disease 15 million of our economy have been very tense. "Runner-up son.

Prior to this, the second runner-up has been offered in the blood, he did not expect, their blood will be so difficult.

Fortunately, doctors said his surgery today.

Hospital

Various blood shortage on a daily basis are most afraid of large-scale emergencies

"Now all types of blood are relatively short, sometimes non-urgent surgery be delayed one day." Yesterday, the Orthopaedic Hospital of Zhengzhou City, anesthesiology

Ren Li Xueting said.

Yesterday this reporter visited several hospitals, mostly there are varying degrees of delay in elective surgery.

The Provincial People s Hospital, director of transfusion department ORTHOPAEDICS an emergency blood bank, the surgery has been stopped for three days, a total of canceled or delayed more than 100 hands.

Surgery. While the Zheng YiFuYuan blood supply to the Division of Lvzhu Ren also said that the recent average every day, twenty or thirty surgery postponed.

Zhengzhou City Orthopaedic Hospital Orthopaedics and Traumatology Division Shiying Bin For example, September 5, a 78-year-old Zhongmu elderly need surgery. Admission, the old

The spirit of the people some of hemoglobin index is far below the normal female standards.

But on the 7th, the 9th, two with blood are inoperable due to ischemia, with blood until the 10th.

Daily, Li Xueting are most worried about is the large-scale emergencies occur.

She said the hospital every day, according to the volume of surgery collar blood. "But if to a large sudden surgery, looking for blood is more difficult, which is a human life

Days thing. "

Henan Business Daily, September 13 reported the death of 25-year-old girl Yehong Juan laid hold of platelets, brain hemorrhage can not control.

Measure

Encourage the patient s family to donate blood, the blood supply is limited, donors priority

Ischemia, many doctors more than the share of outside work, encourage the patient s family to donate blood. Blood donors of the patient s family, took the blood center awarded

Blood donation certificate issued to the hospital register.

In the case of a limited blood supply, the patient s family to donate blood, the patient may give priority to surgery. Yesterday, the Province Chest Hospital, Provincial Cancer Hospital have expressed

If the blood supply to the nervous, the mobilization of the patient s family to donate blood.

According to the Provincial Blood Center blood supply to the Deputy Chief of Zhang Li said the proportion of the patient s family to donate blood, although no statistics, but it does a lot. "Why not me

Their blood donation is free, blood to pay? Li Xueting, many patients are questioned. It is understood that, as blood donors, family members, offering

Blood, blood donation and blood time interval of 30 days or more, to enjoy the feedback policy.

Blood donation in addition to mobilization of the patient s family, the doctors in action.

The nearest hospital to mobilize all workers donate blood, "said Li Xueting. Recently, the Blood Collection parked in the hospital for three days, light hospital staff offer

30,000 multi-ml, but still not enough. Provincial People s Hospital, the Third People s Hospital of Zhengzhou City, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, and other major hospitals, all

Organized by the hospital staff to donate blood.

Call

Together to donate blood!

Recently, Henan Business Daily, continuous concern the Zhengzhou blood supply to the nervous problems.

Friends, "the big focus on the small area to proceed to the Henan Business Daily, the official microblogging sent a private letter that, I just turned 55 years old, had insisted on a regular basis offering

Blood. State regulations over the age of 55 can no longer donate blood. Zhengzhou blood supply is now so tight, I would like to ask, can not let this just super

Age and then offered again? My good health.

Yesterday, the Provincial Blood Center blood two chief of Zhang Shuqin to pay tribute to the old man, but her regret to say, the blood donation age provisions of the Law on Blood Donation

No flexibility.

The long rainy yesterday finally gave way to sunshine, said Zhang Shuqin, Tianyi, donation number will come up yesterday, nearly 200 people into the bloodstream

Donating blood.

However, the Provincial Blood Center blood supply to the Deputy Chief of Zhang Li said, want to immediately ease the blood supply to the tension there is difficulty recently. At present, the general hospital

Blood demand can only meet 70 percent to 80 percent, major hospitals in the gap greater appeal caring people to join the ranks of the blood donation.

At present, China has adopted a system of voluntary blood donation, the donors themselves and their families, the state has also given a certain amount of "feedback".

"Blood Donation Law of the People s Republic of China Article 19 of the clinical need of blood donors and their family members with blood, free of charge in accordance with the following provisions

Blood: blood donors donate blood since the day within five years, free of charge to donate blood three times the amount of blood since the blood donors of the date of five years to a lifetime, enjoy free offer

The blood of the same amount of blood; blood volume accumulated at least 800 ml of 10 years, free of charge the necessary amount of blood, after 10 years to a lifetime free access to the blood volume

Times the amount of blood; blood volume accumulated over more than 1000 ml, lifetime free access to the required blood.

As blood donors, family members, you can press the blood volume equal amount of free blood (family member is a citizen spouse, the parents of both

Children and spouses). However, blood donation and blood time interval of 30 days or more, the clinical need of blood before processing. According to regulations, in line with free

The cost of the blood condition, the clinical use of blood, need medical unit provides first pay the costs. Carry proof to the provincial Red Cross blood

The solution center for free use of blood reimbursement procedures.

Learned recently by gearbox branch from the China General Machinery Industry Association, China\\ s reducer industry developed rapidly with the further increase of the national infrastructure building efforts, in recent years. According to statistics by gearbox Chapter last year, the entire industry produced a total of 450 000 reducer, the sales income of 2 billion yuan, and exports about 100 million U.S. dollars. Experts predict that the \"Eleventh Five-Year\" period, the country\\ s overall economic development, reducer industry\\ s total economic output growth rate will continue to achieve double-digit.
The state has adopted a proactive fiscal policy to boost domestic demand, investment in fixed assets increased, the development of various industries into the fast lane. Infrastructure investment, to accelerate the development of metallurgy, electric power, construction machinery, building materials, energy, therefore, the needs of the reducer has gradually expanded. Expected to the attention of the state machinery manufacturing process of localization of major equipment to speed up urban renewal, such as venue construction projects started reducer market prospects, the industry will maintain rapid development momentum, especially in the gear reducer The machine\\ s growth would be substantially improved with the imported equipment most of the supporting gear reducer related. Therefore, industry experts hope that the companies to seize the development and manufacturing of gear reducer, especially large Hardened reducer, low-power reducer to meet the needs of the market.
Reducer in China has nearly 40 years history, widely used in various fields of national economy and defense industry. The major sectors: electrical machinery, metallurgical machinery, environmental protection machinery, electronic appliances, road construction machinery, chemical machinery, food machinery, light industrial machinery, mining machinery, transport machinery, construction machinery, building materials, machinery, cement machinery, rubber machinery, irrigation machinery , petroleum machinery, etc., these industries accounted for all sectors of the country with 60% to 70% of the total number of reducer reducer the number of products

The 1980s, the forklift anti-corrosion technology in the 20th century has not been given sufficient attention in the country. As the forklift truck market continues to expand, the forklift in an increasingly competitive. The application of innovative anti-corrosion technology, not only can improve the quality of the appearance of the forklift, more importantly, can also improve the intrinsic quality of the forklift, to extend the life of the forklift, improve forklift grade, and can even become a growth point to drive product sales.
A major factor in corrosion caused by forklift
Corrosion caused by forklift major factor in the use of environmental factors and other structural factors.
The forklift can be divided into internal combustion forklifts and electric forklifts. Most of the internal combustion forklifts used in ports, terminals and industrial establishments, the use of the environment is relatively poor, especially in the port and chemical industry, by the sub-tropical, humid tropics, the combined effects of coastal climate and industrial emissions, dust, resulting in corrosion damage forklift parts , corrosion is more serious; battery forklift mostly used in warehouses and other indoor places, environmental change is small, relatively light corrosion caused by environmental factors.
Forklift internal corrosive environments such as engine-generated heat and sulfur, chloride ions and other combustion exhaust gas to produce battery acid mist, leakage, vibration of the work, impact-generated stress, friction, collisions caused by local damage is caused by forklift parts is the main corrosion damage.
The main mechanism of metal corrosion is the original metal into metal oxides, resulting in structural parts or components to rust, damage or repair and scrapped. While the aging of the paint, rubber, glass, steel, fiber and other non-metallic materials, mainly by environmental role, materials, polymeric structure cracking, degradation, dissolution, and other physical and chemical changes, resulting in the appearance and performance. Visible forklift design structure, the application of materials, processes, and protective measures directly determine the corrosion resistance of the forklift.
Application status of the domestic forklift corrosion resistance and anti-corrosion technology
Protection of the domestic forklift design, the application of anti-corrosion technology and technological level is relatively low. The fullness of the majority of the domestic forklift paint layer, flat and gloss and adhesion is low; plating, conversion coatings of poor quality, especially in the poor parts corrosion resistance in heavy corrosion environment (acid mist, high temperature, etc.). Directly reflected in use for some time, there rust stains, paint layer blistering, peeling, discoloration, loss of light, tank cleanliness to reduce the deformation of the non-metallic parts. Compared with foreign or domestic joint venture manufacturing brand forklift, the shape of the domestic forklift, use of materials and processes directly affect the grade of the product.
Currently occupy a larger share of the domestic truck market, and technically leading domestic Heli and Hangzhou Forklift. Quality the forklift appearance of these two brands for nearly 2 years has significantly improved, taken anti-corrosion technology and application of a certain representation. Improve the situation and the implementation effect, we conclude that: all aspects of improving forklift anti-corrosion performance required from the structural design, manufacturing processes and adopt comprehensive measures to get the best results.
2.1 from forklifts structure design to prevent corrosion
Consider (1) in the overall layout of the forklift to prevent the accumulation of corrosive media. Try to avoid the closed area, or to maintain a closed system ventilation and good drainage, such as considering the whole of the internal combustion forklifts ventilation and cooling. Generated by the engine exhaust as far as possible from the weight of the lower part of the emissions through the purification, cooling emissions from the upper weight up. Battery forklift trucks such as forklifts, can open windows are provided in order to maintain the motor cooling and ventilation, and the battery bottom to open a leaking hole and install the effusion control.
Note (2) designed in the shape of protection, to avoid accumulation of water vapor and dust. Foreign advanced forklift attaches great importance to the design, such as Linde, HYSTER, TOYOTA, JUNGHEINRICH brand forklifts, smooth shape, not only embodies the aesthetic and functional design, but also easy to water and fouling, and very worth learning.
(3) pay attention to the protection of the exposed parts. Electrical parts and connector layout on the inside, or add a protective cover. vehicle exposed to corrosive and easy parts of water based dust cover. For example, tilt hydraulic cylinders, steering hydraulic cylinder piston rod exposed segment based dust jacket; car who sustained multiple exposure process Kong or functional holes set water plug.
(4) components designed to take into account its uniform corrosion, select one or several combinations of anti-corrosion way. The forklift commonly used protective coating, electroplating, conversion coating, and coated with anti-rust oil, grease, etc.. Different processes have different corrosion resistance. Such as Hangzhou H series forklift truck, many of the previous sales, shaft, bolt, bracket surface black, hydraulic cylinders, cylinder head, etc. a lot of exposed machined surface does not deal with the forklift factory has not yet been corroded. Improve the surface treatment requirements, improve the rationality of the design of parts, and effective regulation of surface treatment technology, promote the improvement of the appearance of the product quality and corrosion resistance.
Anti-corrosion coating, need to clear the paint coating characteristics and quality indicators. For example, the body structure coating stressed the decorative and corrosion resistance; bridges before and after the coating emphasizes the protection of nature; the coating of the battery box emphasis on acid resistance; exhaust pipe, the coating stresses such as heat resistance. Metal coating, be in accordance with GB/T13911-1992 \"metal plating and chemical treatment, said method\" said. Threaded fasteners reference GB5267-1985 threaded fasteners layer criteria to determine the coating requirements. General 7 ~ 10μm galvanized layer, you can get a better protective effect. Parts in heavy corrosion environment, the use of 20 ~ 25μm galvanized layer. Attention to post-processing and post-processing of the color of the metal coating, in order to avoid color mixing affect the whole appearance.
(5) to be taken to avoid crevice corrosion, electrochemical corrosion, stress corrosion cracking. The inevitable gap structures such as the hood tailor welded gap with sealant closed. Dissimilar metal connections should try to select the potential close to the metal and insulation measures to avoid electrochemical corrosion.
(6) parts of the structure to facilitate the implementation of the protective process, if necessary, set up a technical hole. For example, the location of the openings on the tank should be beneficial to the gun mouth to cover the entire surface of the shot peening treatment. Chemical pre-treatment of the workpiece, such as overhead guard to open a craft hole to prevent the effusion.
(7) to consider the selection of excellent corrosion-resistant materials, such as galvanized sheet, color film plates, composite materials and engineering plastics. FRP technology is good, than the high strength, low cost, with the heat pad can achieve a certain degree of insulation and reduce the effect of noise has been applied to the forklift engine cover, battery cover and shield. The application of glass fiber reinforced plastic parts generally based on unsaturated polyester resin and E-glass fiber as the main raw material, with the steel plate made of ribs overlying get a good appearance quality, no welding caused by welding the edges and paint can not hide spot scars, poor durability, easy to aging, suitable for prototype and small batch products. Volume casings class stereotypes parts, selection of engineering plastics (such as ABS plastic) instead of glass, steel, decoration and durability can be better. Hood is affected by environment, the use of thin steel or galvanized steel sheet with protective coating is more reasonable. The forklift will be more to learn from the automotive industry application of new materials.
2.2 application into a small, quick anticorrosive new processes and new materials
(1) to improve the coating production process, improve the quality of forklift appearance and corrosion resistance
Domestic forklift coating commonly used low-temperature drying of white dry paint finish are from low solids, solvent-based high solids solvent-based and powder coating transition, the transition to a strong decorative acrylic engineering enamel used, resistance erodibility good polyurethane or acrylic polyurethane enamel; primer and the middle layer of the material mixed, some still in use alkyd primer and to perchlorethylene iron red primer and perchlorethylene putty, two paint some of the better corrosion resistance etch primer and iron oxide red epoxy ester primer, unsaturated polyester putty (putty). The needs of mass production, spread the type of forklift painting has been replaced by assembly line production, the assembly, commissioning and then the whole finish the production process into segments paint, parts complete paint after assembly, commissioning, fine storage; the allocation of import air-assisted spray gun and high pressure airless spray gun instead of ordinary air gun spraying, improve the utilization of the paint materials and coating efficiency; film naturally dry and replaced by drying, to improve paint adhesion and hardness, speed up the production rate. Both to meet the needs of mass production, but also to avoid contamination within the body caused by the machine paint, the film was incomplete, adhesion and hardness of low ills. Paint raw materials, domestic and foreign similar paint products vary considerably in quality, Hangzhou Forklift plant using well-known international brand paint, plump and gloss of the paint layer was significantly better than similar domestic paint products.
(2) improving the pre-treatment process to improve the corrosion resistance and coating adhesion
Domestic forklift parts pre-treatment is mainly shot peening treatment and chemical processing.
The shot peening treatment is mainly used in the slab structure and castings, such as internal and external door frame, frame, counterweight, hydraulic cylinders. To rust, in addition to oxide as the main purpose of the material on the surface and form a protective film, the corrosion resistance of parts depends on the surface coating. Workpiece need to paint as soon as possible after the shot peening treatment. Frame in terms of its structural particularity: equipped with fuel tank and fuel tank (battery forklift only tank). The cleanliness of the fuel tank has been the focus of quality control. Corner of the inner surface of the shot peening treatment, tank, corner easy to stick thin pill, dust, vacuum cleaners and hand wipe method, although some results, but the surface of the material is still easy to return to rust, oil cleanliness in the process of forklifts have a significant impact. Foreign forklift such as NISSAN forklift frame before welding sheet after pretreatment, coating pre-treatment chemical pre-treatment.
Chemical pre-treatment is mainly used in less oxide sheet structure, such as the hood, instrument racks. Sheet metal parts using shot peening could easily lead to deformation; Pickling – wash – and – Washing – Drying – (coating) process, the coating can not get good adhesion, and easy to return to rust. The main application of the more mature temperature phosphating: skim oil – rust – washing – warm phosphide – washed – in temperature passivation – drying – (painting). Phosphating and passivation processing parts, the phosphate film formed on the surface in the atmosphere, good corrosion resistance, and can effectively improve the adhesion of the coating. Phosphating process control relative shot peening treatment is much more complex, therefore, is a quick way to collaborative production with professional pre-treatment or coating plant. Hangzhou Forklift part of the sheet structure on the use of temperature phosphating pre-treatment and powder coating – spray process.
3 forklift application of anti-corrosion technology development
(1) the application of cathodic electrodeposition primer, to improve the corrosion resistance of the forklift parts
Present a variety of paint in the construction process, the most cathodic electrodeposition primer corrosion resistance, this proved corrosion survey of the Research Institutes in Sweden. Cathodic electrophoretic coating production to achieve full automation, construction safety, high efficiency; water as the solvent, can do no emissions and virtually pollution-free; film uniformity and has excellent corrosion resistance, electrophoresis in phosphate treatment-resistant salt spray can reach 800-1200h; film combination of strength and toughness, and hardness index both have advantages, the anti-corrosion technology has been widely used in automotive, light industrial products and become more sophisticated. In China forklift industry, there is no with the introduction of this production process, but it has long been applied in the foreign forklift, such as the the NISSAN forklift hood, overhead guard, instrument racks, sheet metal parts and rims, batteries such as a stent Summary component . Of existing technology application in the domestic forklift products just perfect: the substrate pre-treatment (including phosphide) – Cleaning – deionized wash – cathodic electrodeposition primer – deionized water washing – Cleaning – curing – (paint coating) existing before phosphating processing production line, additional electrophoretic coating equipment can be achieved, or the use of electrophoresis coating line of professional collaboration factory. The cathodic electrodeposition paint more acrylic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane, with the current forklift used to finish (acrylic or urethane enamel) supporting organization of production is simple.
(2) application Dacromet technology to improve the corrosion resistance of forklift parts in heavy corrosion environment
Dacromet namely sheet zinc-based chromate protective coating, also known as zinc and chromium coating, surface treatment of today\\ s international high-tech. Excellent the Dacromet metal product performance: The high corrosion resistance, the general coating thickness 6-8μm can be guaranteed in the salt spray test of 480 ~ 000h no red rust, which is 5-7 times that of electro-galvanized; heat resistance (can heat to 300 ° C), surface envelope even for extended periods under high temperature conditions will not be corrosion, electro-galvanized Act (the colored chromate treatment), about 100 ° C, the surface chromate The capsule began to change, a sharp decline in corrosion resistance; hydrogen embrittlement, suitable for high-intensity force. Has begun a large automobile, motorcycle parts, electrical, marine engineering, and received a high evaluation. The forklift truck has not been using this technique, but NISSAN forklift drawings can be seen on some of its power system parts such as engine coupling bolts, tubing hoop, zinc chromium film protection. With the development of the domestic dacromet technology, lower production costs, I believe that the domestic forklift may also be heavy corrosion environment (high temperature, highly corrosive environment) in part application of zinc chromium coating protection.
4 Conclusion
Improve the corrosion resistance and appearance quality of the forklift, the focus is to improve the design of the rationality and the application of advanced anti-corrosion processes and materials. Combination of these measures are equally applicable to other types of engineering vehicles and the storage and transportation vehicles.

Tang Xinlian, 40-year-old was born in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, childhood is not a wealthy family to develop her self-confidence is good and strong dare dare personality. After graduating from secondary school, Tang Xinlian was assigned to the Zhuzhou a state-owned machinery and equipment plants, although the business is very good, a pleasure to work down dutifully, being female, she still did not get a proper return.
bag making machine
In 1993, the deputy director of campaign operations suffered sex discrimination after unsuccessful take, Tang Xinlian angrily to pay a letter of resignation. "I do not believe can not find a space to flex its muscles", armed with Guangzhou to start a wholesale clothing business. Results, simply relying on bold but cautious, four years, she saved hundreds of thousands of family property.

Outside the business a few years, Tang Xinlian see a vast market of food and beverage industry, decided to open a seafood restaurant in the local. Relatives and friends think she has the skill, and have demanded shares, hoping to dip the light through the point of profit. Opened at the beginning, the restaurant really was a fire one or two tables of guests. Later, only the income it can not maintain the monthly high costs to make ends meet month, anxious Tang Xinlian round. Xianshibumiao shareholders have demanded withdrawal noisy telephone upsets her family is no peace. Her tears transfer restaurants, plus the only kind finally on everyone s money, and then bedridden.zipper attachment machine

Critical moment husband gave her great encouragement: "big deal all over again, you did not also start with nothing you?" I see your point, but the hand of this money enough to do it? "" This is your vision The big investment, small business too small, as long as the correct option, then a small investment can do. "Tang Xinlian remembered to open the hotel before selling vegetables is also very profitable, it is better to open a vegetable shop. Simple to prepare, her convenience vegetable shop opened. Dignified restaurant boss overnight to be reduced to the vendors, the people cast a strange look from behind, and we talk, the Tang Xinlian always laughed, she believed the franchisees make a profit.
Non-wovem bag making machine
The opportunity to really come. In the process of operating the business and vegetables, Tang Xinlian found a more promising industries – bag making industry. Her vegetable shop every day, spent nearly a hundred plastic convenient bags a month, three dry more; like her shop, the whole market there are several hundred selling rice, meat, and even sell pepper material, which is also inseparable from the plastic convenient bags. Supermarkets, shopping malls, small shops and hundreds of thousands of ordinary families, are inseparable from a variety of plastic convenient bags, bag, flat bag …… plastic bag has become the essential goods of life of all necessary stores are necessary, large in the market, the breadth of the sales channels, beyond imagination. Tang Xinlian grew more and more excited. Into a plastic bag wholesalers consulted about, He disclosed that the national authorities have done the system juice, a city or town, tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of bags a day every day, and the market demand on the rise. Tang Xinlian joked: "That Is not your business is doing made?" How can I just secondary wholesalers must purchase from overseas sales, while significant, is rarely profit. "" Why do not they organization of production? "I want to, but the equipment required is a large-scale equipment, few have several hundred thousand dollars, enough money to say it."